DES 0011 - Three-Dimensional Modeling
http://catalog.sierracollege.edu/course-outlines/des-0011/
Catalog Description DESCRIPTION IS HERE: Units Lecture-Discussion Laboratory By Arrangement Contact Hours Outside of Class Hours Course Student Learning Outcomes Course Content Outline Course Objectives Course Objectives Methods of Evaluation Reading Assignments Writing, Problem Solving or Performance Other (Term projects, research papers, portfolios, etc.) Methods of Instruction Other materials and-or supplies required of students that contribute to the cost of the course.
ADVM 0011 - Three-Dimensional Modeling
http://catalog.sierracollege.edu/course-outlines/advm-0011/
Catalog Description DESCRIPTION IS HERE: Formerly known as DES 11 Prerequisite: Completion of ADVM 2 or ADVM 3D or MECH 44 or ENGR 151 or ADVM 66 with grade of "C" or better; or equivalent as determined by instructor Hours: 90 (36 lecture; 54 laboratory which may be scheduled TBA) Description: Processes employed in developing design solutions using a feature based parametric solid modeler. Includes 3D part and assembly modeling, and the development of 2-dimensional part, assemblies, welding and sheet metal drawings per ASME standards. SolidWorks is the solid modeler used. (CSU, UC) Units 3 Lecture-Discussion 36 Laboratory 54 By Arrangement Contact Hours 90 Outside of Class Hours Course Student Learning Outcomes Apply appropriate, current and relevant industry standards in preparing technical documentation for the appropriate discipline of study. Apply welding symbols to engineering drawings showing the different types of welded joints. Create custom drawing sheets, utilize drawing templates for drawing development, create drawing views that conform to AMSE/ANSI Standards and create bill of materials and design tables. Create working drawings of parts using measuring devices to interpret feature size. Course Content Outline I. Measurement and Gauging A. Measuring devices used in manufacturing 1. Rules, scales, calipers, (vernier and dial), micrometers, surface plates, fixed gauges, gauge pins II. Tolerance Dimensioning A. Specifying tolerance dimensions B. Size designations 1. Nominal size, basic size, basic dimension, actual size, allowance, clearance, maximum and least material condition C. Fits between mating parts 1. Clearance fit, interference fit, transition fit, line fit D. Basic hole system vs. basic shaft system E. Specifications of tolerance 1. General tolerances, limit dimensions, plus/minus dimensioning, unilateral vs. bilateral system of tolerances, single-limit dimensioning F. American National Standard Limits and Fits 1. Running and sliding fits, locational fits, transitional clearance or interference fits, locational interference fits, force or shrink fits G. Accumulation of tolerances 1. Metric system of tolerances and fits H. Terms related to metric limits and fits I. Introduction to geometric tolerancing 1. Symbols for tolerances of position and form 2. Symbols for Material Condition III. Overview of 3 Dimensional Modeling A. Wireframe Modeling B. Surface Modeling C. Solid Modeling 1. Types of Solid Modelers a. Boolean Modelers b. Feature Based Modelers c. Parametric Modelers d. Non-Parametric Modelers 2. Benefits of Solid Modeling D. Design Intent E. Hardware Requirements 1. Minimum requirements 2. Dual Processors 3. Monitor & Screen Size IV. SolidWorks Software A. SolidWorks user interface 1. Menus 2. Toolbars 3. Keyboard Shortcuts 4. Feature Manager 5. Property Manager 6. Mouse Buttons 7. System Feedback 8. Options V. Sketching A. Design Intent B. Stages in the process of sketching C. Sketching default planes D. Sketch Entities/Geometry E. Mechanics of sketching 1. Inference lines (Automatic Relations) 2. Sketch Status F. Sketch Relations 1. Automatic 2. Added 3. Multiple objects G. Sketch dimensions 1. Selection and review 2. Angular dimensions H. Sketch fillets I. Extrude and sketch J. Edit a sketch VI. Sketch Contours A. Sketch contours 1. Design intent 2. Sketch feedback 3. Contours available 4. Shared sketches B. Changing parameters 1. Rebuilding the model 2. Refreshing the screen C. Rules that govern sketches D. Using contour selection VII. Part Modeling A. Basic modeling 1. Stages in the process B. Terminology C. Choosing the best profile D. Choosing the sketch plane E. Details of the part F. Boss feature G. Cut feature H. Viewing options I. Filleting 1. Rules that govern filleting 2. Fillet propagation VIII. Revolved Features and Circular Patterns A. Stages in the process B. Design intent C. Revolved Features 1. Sketch geometry of the revolved feature 2. Rules that govern sketches of revolved features 3. Dimensioning the sketch 4. Diameter dimensions 5. Creating the revolved feature 6. Sketch fillets D. Circular patterns E. Feature manager design tree F. Chamfers G. Changes and rebuild problems 1. Rebuild errors 2. Fixing the errors H. Equations IX. Configurations of parts A. Configurations 1. Terminology 2. Using configurations B. Configurations in parts 1. Accessing the configuration manager 2. Defining the configuration 3. Changing configurations 4. Renaming and copying configurations C. Design Tables and Families of parts 1. Layout of the design table 2. Design table property manager 3. Excel formatting 4. Editing design tables X. Editing A. Part Editing 1. Stages in the process B. Editing Topics 1. Information from the model a. Roll back to the sketch b. Finding and repairing problems 2. Rebuilding tools a. Rollback to feature b. Feature suppression c. Rebuild feedback and interrupt d. Feature statistics 3. Design changes a. Required changes b. Deletions c. Parent/Child relations d. Edit definition e. Reorder f. Edit sketch g. Rollback 4. Feature libraries a. Library feature reference b. Palette feature reference c. Palette features i. Editing the palette feature ii. Inserting palette features iii. Changing palette features XI. Assembly Modeling A. Bottom-up philosophy B. Stages in the process C. Feature manager design tree D. Mating components to each other E. Using part configurations F. Component properties G. Hiding a component H. Sub-assemblies I. Analyzing the assembly J. Exploded assemblies K. Physical simulations L. Assembly drawings 1. Bill of materials 2. Adding balloons XII. Drawings-ASME Compliance A. Stages in the process B. Terminology C. Drawing sheets D. Drawing templates E. Drawing views 1. Adding views 2. Deleting views F. Sketching in a drawing view G. View settings H. Drawing annotation 1. Center marks 2. Centerlines 3. Dimensions 4. Notes 5. Symbols 6. Leaders 7. Balloons I. Drawing settings J. Bill of materials and design tables XIII. Welding Representation A. Welding processes B. Types of welded joints C. Types of welds D. Weld symbols E. Welding application Course Objectives Course Objectives Lecture Objectives: I. Measurement and Gauging 1. Distinguish between the different types of measuring devices used in manufacturing. II. Tolerance Dimensioning 1. Compare the different methods for specifying tolerance dimensions. 2. Distinguish between the practices for size designations. 3. Compare the methods for determining the fit between mating parts. 4. Compare the Basic Hole System to the Basic Shaft System. 5. Compare specifications of tolerance. 6. Discuss the American National Standard of limits and fits. 7. Calculate the prescribed fits and tolerances according to the ANSI standard fits tables. 8. Describe the disadvantages of accumulation of tolerances. 9. Discuss the Metric system for tolerances and fits. 10. Examine the foundations of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing at a rudimentary level. III. Overview of three Dimensional Modeling 1. Differentiate between the different types of Solid Modelers. 2. Discuss the hardware requirements for three dimensional modeling. IV. SolidWorks Software 1. Describe the user interface and explain the function of each major component. V. Sketching 1. Create sketches that express the design intent. 2. Distinguish between the stages of the sketching process. 3. Demonstrate the requirements for sketch relations. 4. Analyze the sketch for complete dimensions. 5. Evaluate the sketch for design intent and edit the sketch accordingly. VI. Sketch Contours 1. Analyze sketch contours and apply parameter changes. 2. Apply the rules that govern sketches relative to contours. VII. Part Modeling 1. Demonstrate the stages of basic part modeling. 2. Utilize the terminology used in part modeling. 3. Identify the characteristics of boss features. 4. Identify the characteristics of cut features. 5. Demonstrate the rules that govern filleting and the propagation of fillets. VIII. Revolved Features and Circular Patterns 1. Demonstrate the stages for revolved feature and circular pattern development. 2. Analyze the revolved features and circular patterns for meeting design intent. 3. Apply the rules that govern revolved features. 4. Utilize the characteristics of the feature manager. 5. Analyze revolved features for engineering changes and rebuild problems. 6. Demonstrate the use of equations for design intent. IX. Configurations of parts 1. Demonstrate the use of part configurations. 2. Utilize the design table property manager. 3. Evaluate the design table for meeting the design intent. X. Editing 1. Demonstrate the process of part editing. 2. Differentiate between the mechanisms for part editing. XI. Assembly Modeling 1. Demonstrate the bottom-up philosophy of assembly modeling. 2. Analyze the stages in assembly modeling. 3. Utilize the feature manager design tree for assembly modeling. 4. Analyze assembly models for component properties. 5. Utilize the procedure for hiding components in an assembly. 6. Utilize the tools for analyzing assembly models. XII. Drawings- ASME Compliance 1. Analyze the stages in creating drawings from part/assembly models. 2. Utilize the terminology used in drawing development. XIII. Welding Representation 1. Differentiate between welding processes and describe the benefits of each. 2. Compare the different types of welded joints. 3. Compare the different types of welds and describe characteristics of each. 4. Apply welding symbols to engineering drawings. Laboratory Objectives: I. Measurement and Gauging 1. Create working drawings of parts using measuring devices to interpret feature size. II. Tolerance Dimensioning 1. Create drawings to include the various methods for specifying tolerances to features on parts. 2. Demonstrate the methods for determining the fit between mating parts. 3. Utilize the different types of tolerance specifications. 4. Utilize the American National Standard of limits and fits. 5. Calculate the prescribed fits and tolerances according to the ANSI standard fits tables. 6. Utilize the Metric system for tolerances and fits. 7. Create drawings of parts and apply the symbols used in geometric dimensioning and tolerancing. III. Overview of three Dimensional Modeling 1. Select the most appropriate modeling solution that meets the Design Intent. IV. SolidWorks Software 1. Demonstrate the user interface and utilize the function of each major component. V. Sketching 1. Create sketches that express the design intent. 2. Construct sketches utilizing the default planes. 3. Select sketch geometry to meet design intent. 4. Set up sketch geometry taking advantage of automatic relations. 5. Create sketches with fillets. 6. Create part models using boss and cut extrudes. 7. Evaluate the sketch for design intent and edit the sketch accordingly. VI. Sketch Contours 1. Create sketch contours and develop part geometry from these contours. 2. Analyze sketch contours and apply parameter changes. 3. Create extruded part geometry using contour selection. VII. Part Modeling 1. Create part geometry using the best profile of the part model. 2. Select the sketch plane based upon the best profile of the part model. 3. Construct the details of the part model following the design intent. 4. Compare the viewing options for part modeling. 5. Utilize the rules that govern filleting and the propagation of fillets. VIII. Revolved Features and Circular Patterns 1. Analyze the revolved features and circular patterns for meeting design intent. 2. Create sketch geometry for revolved features. 3. Create revolved features from sketch geometry. 4. Create circular patterns of revolved features. 5. Construct revolved features that include chamfers. 6. Analyze revolved features for engineering changes and rebuild problems. 7. Utilize the use of equations for design intent. IX. Configurations of parts 1. Create different configurations of part models. 2. Create design tables. 3. Utilize the design table property manager. 4. Utilize the design table for meeting the design intent. X. Editing 1. Describe the stages in the process of part editing. 2. Demonstrate the mechanisms for part editing. XI. Assembly Modeling 1. Utilize the feature manager design tree for assembly modeling. 2. Select the best method for the mating of components. 3. Create assembly models using part configurations. 4. Analyze assembly models for component properties. 5. Create assembly models using sub assemblies methods. 6. Utilize the tools for analyzing assembly models. 7. Create exploded assembly models. 8. Create physical simulations of assembly models. 9. Construct assembly drawings from assembly models. XII. Drawings- ASME Compliance 1. Create custom drawing sheets. 2. Utilize drawing templates for drawing development. 3. Create drawing views that conform to AMSE Standards. 4. Create sketches in drawing views. 5. Select the appropriate settings for drawing views. 6. Create drawings utilizing appropriate drawing annotations. 7. Select the settings for drawings. 8. Create bill of materials and design tables. XIII. Welding Representation 1. Apply welding symbols to engineering drawings. Methods of Evaluation Objective Examinations Projects Skill Demonstrations Reading Assignments 1. Students read chapter on assembly development and are expected to participate in the lecture/discussions based upon these readings. 2. Students are to construct a drawing, based upon their course readings, demonstrating the weekly-learning objectives. These weekly drawings are either freehand sketches and/or computer aided design (CAD) generated. The drawings are evaluated for compliance with American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standards. Critical thinking and problem solving are part of these assignments. 3. Students are required to search the Internet for articles that reference design for manufacture and assembly, then utilize their findings to design a commercial quality weldment, producing the 3D models and ASME documentation. Writing, Problem Solving or Performance 1. Students will write a report comparing and contrasting methods employed in design for manufacture and assembly. 2. Students are required to prescribe appropriate fits and tolerances to mating parts in a working assembly. Calculations of Tolerance, Limits, Maximum and Least Material Condition, Minimum and Maximum Clearance are required. Other (Term projects, research papers, portfolios, etc.) 1. Students are required to develop a portfolio that contains samples of their semester assignments to show potential employers the engineering design concepts studied. Methods of Instruction Laboratory Lecture/Discussion Distance Learning Other materials and-or supplies required of students that contribute to the cost of the course.
BI 0011 - Architectural Drawing II
http://catalog.sierracollege.edu/course-outlines/bi-0011/
Catalog Description DESCRIPTION IS HERE: Formerly known as DES 21 Prerequisite: Completion of BI 10 with grade of "C" or better or equivalent as determined by instructor Hours: 90 (36 lecture; 54 laboratory which may be scheduled TBA) Description: Advances the skills and knowledge of residential architectural drawing production started in BI 10. Course focuses on production of residential architectural drawings of a 2-story wood framed house in the context of current and relevant building codes, construction materials and methods, industry standard work flow, production and graphic standards through the use of a drawing software application. Additional skills of software utilization, drawing management, complex drawing creation and printing will be covered. This course teaches intermediate AutoCAD skills. (CSU) Units 3 Lecture-Discussion 36 Laboratory 54 By Arrangement Contact Hours 90 Outside of Class Hours Course Student Learning Outcomes Apply appropriate, current and relevant industry standards in preparing technical documentation for the appropriate discipline of their study. Define the five steps in the design process. Design complete working drawings in discipline of study for use in manufacturing/building application that conform to business and industry CAD standards. Demonstrate proper use of Architectural Design Flow process. Course Content Outline 1. Architectural drawing and drafting standards A. Drawings in terms of the design process and agency review. B. Office standards, drawing standards and CAD standards. C. Common industry standards organizations for drawings and CAD. D. Common reference symbols and how it correlates with other information within drawings. 2. Architectural site plans A. Purpose of an architectural site plan and how that relates to information shown. B. Architectural site plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Common inter-related site plan terms, dimensions and constraints. 3 3. Foundation plans A. Purpose of a foundation plan and how that relates to information shown. B. Foundation plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Common concrete foundation terms, dimensions and elements. 4. Architectural floor plans A. Purpose of a architectural floor plans and how that relates to information shown. B. Architectural floor plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Architectural floor plan terms, dimensions and elements. 5. Architectural floor plan code requirements A. Code requirements for means of egress and how it relates to floor plans. B. Iterative design and permitting process in terms of code compliance. C. Means of egress requirements terms, dimensions and elements. 6. Architectural roof plans A. Purpose of roof plans and how that relates to information shown. B. Roof plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols C. Common roof plan terms, dimensions and elements. 7. Architectural exterior elevations A. Purpose of exterior elevations and how that relates to information shown. B. Exterior elevations in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols C. Common exterior elevation terms, dimensions and elements. 8. Architectural building sections A. Purpose of building sections and how that relates to information shown. B. Building section in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Common building section terms, dimensions and elements. 9. Residential stair sections A. Purpose of stair sections and how that relates to information shown. B. Stair sections in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Common stair code requirements terms, dimensions and elements. 1 10. Residential electrical plans A. Purpose of electrical plans and how that relates to information shown. B. Electrical plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Common electrical plan code requirements terms, dimensions and elements. 11. Printing and plotting for architectural graphic standards A. Common drawing sizes and printing media. 2 B. Controlling print size and scale from MS or PS. C. Controlling line gray-scaling, linetype scale and lineweight. D. Controlling LTSCALE, PSLTSCALE and annotative scales for objects. E. Controlling PLOTSTYLE tables. 12. Advanced CAD drawing production techniques for efficiency A. Customizing the user interface for efficient object information collection. B. Common office "working files" and "sheet files" in projects. C. Creating complete project "sheet file" sets using layout tabs. 2 D. Common interdisciplinary file backgrounds for file linking. (XREF) E. Common file linking formats and how to integrate information into drawings. 13. Advanced CAD drafting techniques for efficiency A. Utilizing a template standards file for commonly used information. B. Using standard and annotative blocks with attributes for commonly used information. C. Using LAYERSTATES and advanced tools to control information. D. Using annotative text and dimensions and advanced tools to control information. E. Objects in terms of specific properties and how to quantify design data. Course Objectives Course Objectives This course requires 36 hours lecture and 54 hours laboratory. In some class sections, the 54 hours of laboratory may be scheduled "to be arranged" or "TBA." The TBA hours and objectives are expected of all students enrolled in the course. Upon successful completion of the course, the student will: Lecture Objectives: 1. Architectural drawing and drafting standards A. Describe the use of drawings in terms of the design process and agency review. B. Discuss the importance of office standards, drawing standards and CAD standards. C. Identify common industry standards organizations for drawings and CAD. D. Discuss common reference symbols and how it correlates with other information within drawings. 2. Architectural site plans A. Explain the purpose of an architectural site plan and how that relates to information shown. B. Discuss architectural site plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Explain common inter-related site plan terms, dimensions and constraints. 3 3. Foundation plans A. Describe the purpose of a foundation plan and how that relates to information shown. B. Discuss foundation plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Discuss common concrete foundation terms, dimensions and elements. 4. Architectural floor plans A. Describe the purpose of a architectural floor plans and how that relates to information shown. B. Discuss architectural floor plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Discuss common architectural floor plan terms, dimensions and elements. 5. Architectural floor plan code requirements A. Explain common code requirements for means of egress and how it relates to floor plans. B. Discuss the iterative design and permitting process in terms of code compliance. C. Discuss common means of egress requirements terms, dimensions and elements. 6. Architectural roof plans A. Describe the purpose of roof plans and how that relates to information shown. B. Discuss roof plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols C. Define common roof plan terms, dimensions and elements. 7. Architectural exterior elevations A. Describe the purpose of exterior elevations and how that relates to information shown. B. Discuss exterior elevations in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols C. Discuss common exterior elevation terms, dimensions and elements. 8. Architectural building sections A. Describe the purpose of building sections and how that relates to information shown. B. Discuss building section in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Discuss common building section terms, dimensions and elements. 9. Residential stair sections A. Describe the purpose of stair sections and how that relates to information shown. B. Discuss stair sections in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Discuss common stair code requirements terms, dimensions and elements. 1 10. Residential electrical plans A. Describe the purpose of electrical plans and how that relates to information shown. B. Discuss electrical plans in terms of graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Discuss common electrical plan code requirements terms, dimensions and elements. 11. Printing and plotting for architectural graphic standards A. Describe common drawing sizes and printing media. 2 B. Discuss controlling print size and scale from MS or PS. C. Discuss controlling line gray-scaling, linetype scale and lineweight. D. Discuss controlling LTSCALE, PSLTSCALE and annotative scales for objects. E. Discuss controlling PLOTSTYLE tables. 12. Advanced CAD drawing production techniques for efficiency A. Describe customizing the user interface for efficient object information collection. B. Discuss common office "working files" and "sheet files" in projects. C. Discuss creating complete project "sheet file" sets using layout tabs. 2 D. Discuss common interdisciplinary file backgrounds for file linking. (XREF) E. Discuss common file linking formats and how to integrate information into drawings. 13. Advanced CAD drafting techniques for efficiency A. Describe utilizing a template standards file for commonly used information. B. Discuss using standard and annotative blocks with attributes for commonly used information. C. Discuss using LAYERSTATES and advanced tools to control information. D. Discuss using annotative text and dimensions and advanced tools to control information. E. Discuss objects in terms of specific properties and how to quantify design data. Laboratory Objectives: 1. Architectural drawing and drafting standards A. Demonstrate ability to organize and maintain folders, files and other project information. B. Demonstrate ability to apply industry standards in the development of drawings. C. Demonstrate ability to apply industry graphic standards in the development of drawings. 2. Architectural site plans A. Demonstrate the ability to develop an architectural site plan. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols. 3. Foundation plans A. Demonstrate the ability to develop a foundation plan. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols 4. Architectural floor plans A. Demonstrate the ability to develop a floor plan. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols. 5. Architectural floor plan code requirements A. Demonstrate the ability to apply building code requirements in the development of a floor plan. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols. 6. Architectural roof plans A. Demonstrate the ability to develop a roof plan. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols. 7. Architectural exterior elevations A. Demonstrate the ability to develop an exterior elevation. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols. 8. Architectural building sections A. Demonstrate the ability to develop a building section. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols. 9. Residential stair sections A. Demonstrate the ability to develop a stair section. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols. C. Demonstrate the ability to apply building code requirements in the development of a stair section. 10. Residential electrical plans A. Demonstrate the ability to develop an electrical plan. B. Demonstrate the ability to apply industry standard graphics, annotations and reference symbols. 11. Printing and plotting for architectural graphic standards A. Demonstrate ability to print to different size media. B. Demonstrate ability to control print size and scale from MS or PS. C. Demonstrate ability to control line gray-scaling, linetype scale and lineweight. D. Demonstrate ability to control LTSCALE, PSLTSCALE and annotative scales for objects. E. Demonstrate ability to modify PLOTSTYLE tables. 12. Advanced CAD drawing production techniques for efficiency A. Demonstrate ability to customize the user interface. B. Demonstrate ability to use "working files" and "sheet files" in projects. C. Demonstrate ability to develop complete project "sheet file" sets using layout tabs. D. Demonstrate ability to use file backgrounds and file linking. (XREF) E. Demonstrate ability to link multiple file formats to drawings. (.dwg, .pdf, .xls) 13. Advanced CAD drafting techniques for efficiency A. Demonstrate ability to use a template drawing to incorporate file standards. (DESIGNCENTER) B. Demonstrate ability to insert and modify standard and annotative block attributes. C. Demonstrate ability to create and control layers through layer states and advanced layer tools. D. Demonstrate ability to use annotative text and dimensions. E. Demonstrate ability to quantify object data. (PROPERTIES PALETTE) Methods of Evaluation Objective Examinations Projects Skill Demonstrations Reading Assignments 1. Students read chapter on face-frame cabinets with frameless cabinets for interior elevations and discuss in groups. 2. Students read Internet research comparing jurisdictional code requirements for residential construction and utilize their findings in developing technical documentation for build. Writing, Problem Solving or Performance 1. Write papers comparing and contrasting various approaches to solving drafting problems relative to architecture. 2. Construct drawings, based upon their written solution, demonstrating the weekly-learned objectives. Other (Term projects, research papers, portfolios, etc.) Develop a portfolio that contains samples of your semester assignments to demonstrate to potential employers the concepts studied. Methods of Instruction Laboratory Lecture/Discussion Distance Learning Other materials and-or supplies required of students that contribute to the cost of the course.
